What should a conductor do if they notice a malfunctioning signal?

When a conductor notices a malfunctioning signal, the appropriate action is to report the issue immediately. This is crucial for several reasons. First, signals are integral to the safe operation of train movements, guiding conductors and engineers on when to proceed, stop, or take caution. A malfunctioning signal can lead to dangerous situations, including potential collisions, derailments, or other accidents.

Reporting the malfunction allows the appropriate personnel to assess the situation and make informed decisions to rectify the problem. This action also ensures that other crew members and operators are aware of the signal's status, enabling them to take necessary precautions until the signal is repaired or adjusted. Timely communication is essential in maintaining safety protocols and preventing incidents on the railway.

The other options do not align with safe practices. Continuing past the signal without addressing the malfunction could put the train and passengers in danger. Manually changing the signal poses a risk, as the conductor may not have the authority or the knowledge to ensure it is set correctly. Waiting for further instruction may delay necessary actions and could exacerbate safety risks. Thus, immediate reporting is the most responsible and safest course of action for a conductor in this situation.